# GPS jamming and spoofing, simulated and map-matched

Every run of the experiment in https://mapatlas.eu/blog/gps-jamming-spoofing: a simulated 1 Hz GPS trace on three car rounds (Gdańsk, Tallinn, Helsinki), with jamming gaps or spoofed positions injected, matched to the road network with the MapAtlas Map Matching API, and compared with the true route.

- Data date: 2026-10-02
- Rows: 183 (one per run)
- File: `gps-jamming-spoofing-map-matching-2026-10-02.csv` (UTF-8, comma separated, header row, empty cell = not applicable)
- Script: `scripts/seo/blog-keyword-research/gps-jamming-spoofing.py`

## Columns

| Column | Meaning |
|---|---|
| route_name | The round and its waypoints |
| true_length_m | Length of the true route from the MapAtlas Directions API, metres |
| route | Route key: gdansk, tallinn, helsinki |
| scenario | clean, jamming (no fixes), offset (fixes pushed north-east for 60 s), jump (fixes at one point 15 km away for 60 s), drag (offset growing 3 m/s to 180 m, held 30 s) |
| param | Gap length in seconds (jamming) or offset in metres (offset, jump, drag) |
| at | Start of the interference as a share of the trip time |
| method | matcher = fixes sent as received; dead_reckoning = simulated odometer and gyro fill gaps and reject implausible fixes before matching |
| points_sent | Fixes sent to the Map Matching API |
| matched_m | Length of the matched route, metres |
| dist_err_m | matched_m minus true_length_m |
| off_route_m | Length of matched route more than 20 m from the true route, metres |
| straight_err_m | Jamming and clean, matcher only: length of the raw fixes joined by straight lines minus the true length |
| dr_points | Fixes replaced by dead reckoning |
| dr_max_err_m | Largest dead-reckoning position error against the truth, metres |
| confidence | confidence_score returned by the Map Matching API |
| unmatched_points | Fixes the matcher marked unmatched |
| error | API error, if any |

## Licence

Our analysis: CC BY 4.0, MapAtlas (mapatlas.eu). Route geometry is derived from OpenStreetMap: © OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL 1.0.